In vector graphics differ a vectorial circuit as that (actually "wire" geometrical frame), parameters обводки (for example, a thickness of a line and color) and filling parameters (for example, filling type ~ color, decorative, graded-index and etc.). For operation with all these components the program allocates set of commands, tools and palettes.
Filling at the open and closed circuits is fulfilled differently: at open circuits filling is restricted besides the circuit to a direct line connecting initial and finite reference points (fig. 8.1). Обводка it is stretched only along an available circuit.
|
| Rice 8.1. Examples of filling at the open and closed circuits |
By default at creation of the new document filling is carried out by white color, and обводка a circuit — black color. These setting are displayed in color indicators of a palette of tools.
Objects can be colored not only white and black by colors, but also gradation gray, triad and плашечными colors, graded-index extensions, wide application is found also by decorative filling. The information on graded-index and decorative filling look in chapter 9.
To appropriate to object color parameters, it is necessary to select it, and then to use the upper color indicator of a palette of tools for determination of parameters of filling and the lower indicator — for determination of parameters обводки.
Then click on the color button (the left button under color indicators) or command Show Color (to Show synthesis) menu Window (Window) to cause palette Color (Synthesis) which allows to define color in coordinates of color models Grayscale, RGB, HSB or CMYK.
To select color it is possible also in a palette of ready samples Swatches (Directory). Which is caused by command Show Swatches (to Show the directory) menu Window (Window).
For operation with плашечными colors is admissible to use any of twenty accessible libraries or подгрузить additional if, of course, the such exists.
To appropriate color or a graded-index extension to object it is possible simple "drag and drop" from a control unit of colors or from palettes Color (Synthesis) and Swatches (Directory).
To transfer color parameters from one object on another it is easy enough by means of tools Paint Bucket (Filling) and Eyedropper (Pipette).
Singularities of operation with color in Adobe Illustrator program
In Adobe Illustrator program it is necessary to distinguish some types of color, namely: global triad color (global process color), not global three-adnyj color (non-global process color), плашечный color (spot color) and color for labels приводки (registration color).
Global triad colors are derivatives of a polygraphic triad - blue (cyan), magenta (magenta), yellow (yellow) and black (black) though can be defined in any of four color models (CMYK, RGB, HSB and Grayscale), their singularity is that they are automatically updated in all objects of all document if their parameters change in palette Swatches (Directory).
Not global composite colors are identical under the content, but save the parameters, being appropriated to object, at their change in palette Swatches (Directory). By default all triad default colors are not global. About change of this property look further in section "Operation with samples" the present chapter.
Плашечньге colors are always global, at any changes плашечного colors it changes in all document. It is dictated by that fact that everyone плашечный color at a color separation is deduced by a separate print, therefore it is desirable to eliminate possibility of appearance of several variants of one color.
Color for labels приводки is intended for the technological purposes, namely for an output of object to all color-splitted prints, including and prints плашечных colors. The detail information about a color separation can be received in chapter 16.
Color indicators in a palette of tools
In a palette of tools the control unit by color (fig. 8.2) in which two indicators of color are allocated is presented:
 |
Upper Fill (Filling) — for fill color determination; |
|
Lower Stroke (Обводка) — for color determination обводки. |
 |
| Rice 8.2. The Control unit color in a palette of tools |
In the same place are allocated the switch of fill colors and обводки Swap Fill and Stroke (the Switch of filling and обводки) (
) and the button of default colors Default Fill and Stroke (Fill colors and обводки by default) (
).
Operatively to activate the indicator of filling instead of the indicator обводки or on the contrary, it is enough to push a key Latin [х] and to exchange fill colors and обводки it is necessary to push keys [Shift] + [x].
Under color indicators three more buttons concerning color are allocated.
|
The most left button Color (Colour) ( ) provides display in the active indicator of filling or обводки colors which is defined in palette Color (Synthesis). |
|
Average button Gradient (Gradient) ( ) provides display in the indicator of filling of the graduated fill created in palette Gradient (Gradient). Look the information on graduated fills in chapter 9. |
|
And the most right button None (Without attribute) ( ) serves for an exception of any parameters for filling or обводки: filling becomes transparent (becomes "a hole from a donut"), and обводка a circuit — invisible (though really the circuit is present and is displayed by the program in mode Outline (Planimetric)). |
The specified buttons can be activated also with помошыо keys «> (less), <» it is (more) and </>, allocated in right lower to the corner of the main keypad. The key «> activates button Color (Colour), a key <» — button Gradient (Gradient), and a key </> — button None (Without attribute).
Palette Color
Palette Color (Synthesis) (fig. 8.3) serves for determination or change of color in one of accessible color models. Thus for editing it is not important, how color earlier has been defined: whether it is selected from palette Swatches (Directory), transferred from other object or has been used плашечный color from library of colors.
 |
| Rice 8.3. Palette Color in mode RGB |
For an output to the palette screen it is necessary to click on the left button a floor color indicators in a palette of tools or to execute command Show Color (to Show synthesis) menu Window (Window).
The most simple method of determination of color in palette Color (Synthesis) — to place the cursor on the broad band representing a spectrum of a color model, the cursor thus becomes tool Eycdropper (Pipette), and to click on required color. More to the left from a spectrum the field of an exception of filling or обводки, and more to the right — fields of white and black colors is allocated.
More exact determination of color in palette Color (Synthesis) happens to the help of relocation of engines on bands of color components of an appropriate color model, for example, in model RGB — on three bands: R (Red) — a red component, G (Green) ~ a green component and In (Blue) — a dark blue component. These parameters can be defined also, setting numerical values in the fields allocated to the right of color bands.
The color model choice is carried out in the menu which is caused by click on a triangular arrow more to the right from the palette tab.
Colors in model RGB are defined on red, green and dark blue components in ranges from 0 to 255. Such numerical display of the contribution of a color component is accepted by default, but if needed it is possible to replace it with percentage (in a range from 0 % to 100 %) (fig. 8.4). The left mouse button more to the right of fields of numerical input For this purpose are necessary to click.
 |
| Rice 8.4. Percentage display in model RGB |
 |
| Rice 8.5. Palette Color in mode HSB |
Colors in model HSB (fig. 8.5) are defined on color tone (Н — Hue) in a range from 0 ° to 360 °, saturations (S — Saturation) and brightness (In — Brightness) in ranges from 0 to 100 %.
Colors in model CMYK (fig. 8.6) are defined on blue (With — Cyan), magenta (M — Magenta), yellow (Y — Yellow) and black (To — BlacK) to components in ranges from 0 to 100 %.
Colors of a gray scale (Grayscale) (fig. 8.7) are defined in percentage black in a range from 0 to 100 %.
At color determination in color models HSB or RGB, especially if the image intends for polygraphic execution, it is necessary to pay attention to appearance under a color rectangle of a yellow triangle with exclamation point.
 |
| Rice 8.6. Palette Color in mode CMYK |
 |
| Rice 8.7. Palette Color in mode Grayscale |
It is a signal that the given color falls out of color spanning of triad colors and cannot be adequately printed. Nearby in a small rectangle the closest equivalent is resulted. Click on this rectangle carries out changeover. The detail information about color models and color spanning look in chapter 4.
At color determination in the image intended for layout on web pages, it is necessary to pay attention to appearance under a color rectangle of a tag in the form of a cube which is a signal that the given color falls out of color spanning of a so-called Web-safe palette (Web-safe palette). Nearby in a small rectangle the closest equivalent is resulted. Click on this rectangle carries out changeover.
To define colors only from a Web-safe palette it is possible if to select variant Web Safe RGB (Web-safe RGB) (fig. 8.8).
 |
| Rice 8.8. Palette Color in mode Web Safe RGB |
Commands Invert (Inverse) and Complement (Additional) allow to receive the palette menu to current color of inverse (negative) and additional color, accordingly.